DEVELOPMENT AND PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT OF HIGH-EFFICIENCY PHOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR CELLS FOR ADVANCED RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS

Abstract

This study investigates the development and performance enhancement of high-efficiency photovoltaic solar cells, focusing on perovskite, silicon, and tandem configurations. The research examines the efficiency, stability, and environmental performance of these solar cells under standard testing conditions and prolonged exposure to real-world environmental factors. Our findings indicate that perovskite solar cells achieved a maximum efficiency of 25.5%, while silicon-based cells demonstrated an efficiency of 20.8%. Tandem cells, combining perovskite and silicon materials, achieved the highest efficiency of 28.3%, surpassing the efficiency of individual materials. However, stability testing revealed that perovskite cells suffered a significant efficiency degradation of 14% after 1000 hours, while silicon cells exhibited a minimal decrease of 2%. Results from extended research demonstrated that tandem cells experienced a reduction in efficiency to 6% even though they provided better performance.  The tests demonstrated improved efficiency of 8% when light intensities increased while the cells maintained reduced performance when operating at different temperatures.  The investigations show that tandem solar cells possess strong potential for efficient energy transformation yet they face stability issues and  sensitivity to temperature that require addressing to gain commercial success.  The research demonstrates key strategies for photovoltaic enhancement along with necessary future development for better perovskite and tandem cell durability and performance.